Ali Emami Meibodi; Ehsan Haghdoost; Javad Pakdin
Volume 16, Issue 46 , April 2011, , Pages 47-60
Abstract
Water scarcity in Iran has reached a level that calls for the attention of all stakeholders including water consumers. While the government as water distributor has made significant efforts in managing water on the supply side, an annual average rainfall of 251 mm limits the capacity of this supply-side ...
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Water scarcity in Iran has reached a level that calls for the attention of all stakeholders including water consumers. While the government as water distributor has made significant efforts in managing water on the supply side, an annual average rainfall of 251 mm limits the capacity of this supply-side approach. As a result, policy efforts have increasingly turned towards demand management approaches. The subjects of this research are the determination of existence value of drinking water for the households in Larestan, and a measure of an individual’s willingness to pay (WTP) based on Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) and dichotomous choice (DC). The logit model was used for measuring the individuals' WTP. Estimation parameters of the model are based on the method of maximum likelihood (ML). We used data from 320 randomly selected households in Larestan, Iran. Our findings show that once drinking tap water is connected, the households are willing to pay an average of US$0.24 (per cubic meter) in addition to their monthly charge for the water consumed.
Ali Emami Meibodi; Ehsan Haghdoost; Javad Pakdin
Volume 14, Issue 42 , April 2010, , Pages 149-167
Abstract
The increased growth of oil consumption, particularly in developing countries, has turned oil into a strategic commodity in the world. Therefore, identifying factors affecting supply and demand in oil market and the study of price changes are of a great importance. In this article, we have reconsidered ...
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The increased growth of oil consumption, particularly in developing countries, has turned oil into a strategic commodity in the world. Therefore, identifying factors affecting supply and demand in oil market and the study of price changes are of a great importance. In this article, we have reconsidered the Hotelling model for optimal extraction of non-renewal recourses with regard to the resource effects and technological advances. The cost and demand functions for non-renewable resources are set up in a way to find a stable growth in a system of simultaneous equations of supply and demand. We have utilized data from OPEC in the period 1980- 2006 to test the model and the functions of supply and demand in a system of simultaneous equations using a 3SLS method. The estimation results indicate that the growth rate of the oil price has remained unchangned over rather a long period of time, which is consistent with the theoretical outcomes predicted by the model.
